A significant drop in body temperature causes hypothermia, a medical emergency. While hypothermia is associated with cold water, it can happen in warm water too—especially to children. Learn the warning signs and how to react.

Onset of hypothermia depends on more than just water temperature: for example, children will develop hypothermia much faster (and in much warmer water) than adults.

Hypothermia starts with shivering and slurred speech, then loss of muscle control, drowsiness, and exhaustion. Finally, there is loss of consciousness and possible death.

If you find yourself in a hypothermic situation, control your breathing and exit the water:

• Minimize movement: Do NOT swim unless you can reach a nearby exit or floatation device. 
• Minimize heat-loss: Try to keep your head above water and hold the fetal position (or huddle with others).

If someone you know is hypothermic, warm them gradually:

• Replace clothing: Remove wet layers and replace with warm, dry layers.
• Target specific areas: Warm the chest, neck, and groin first.

The best way to avoid hypothermia is to be prepared: wear a life jacket, don’t enter cold water, and monitor children closely.